Liquid-dispensing pump



Nova 22, 1927. 1,650,073

M. R. JULIAN LIQUID DISPENS ING PUMP FilLed Jan. 31, 1924' 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 33/ E 59 E i l is 58 i 1 v I m .iwenvor s E 7770176710 R. Ju {Ian Hw/Nforneg Nov. 22, 1927. 1,650,073

M. R. JULIAN LIQUID DI SPENSING PUMP Filed Jan 1, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 55 94 87 55 as 6/ {a I J 86 I 65 5/ E h 55 4a i n I V n v if 1 I 1 42 w 45 h, i tj s" Q; I! 47 I \v e i I, W 42 L I I, 1. 98 5 Ill 2: 21 32 {0 L I 1 46 i 6' 7 I26 'l :11? i i 57 12 IIFQ I! 1 89 I20 z.? 5 a 7 x 52 63 72 o 5 F 1 66 O? \l 6;- E I 66' 7 68 J6 6/ 52 754: 5' l l e I, I

1, I 124* 8 I 8/ 60 '4 80 o o la 80.

7 1\ v; 76 is I/ 50 I l HE. i- 7/ Invemor I -???amena 5'. Julian Nov. 22, 1927.

M.R.JUUAN LIQUID DISPENSING PUMP 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Jan. 51, 1924 l l l l l I I I I l l l l AM IHHW HKMM n Y9 I H M h rq u l M Q 7 WM \nwn. w fi m W L I" i1 m 1 a M L a a W Ta Nov. 22, 1927. 1,650,073

M. R. JULIAN LIQUID DISPENSING PUMP Filed Jan. 31, 19,24 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 171 venhr Warcend R.Jalmn LIQUID DI SPENSING PUMP Filed Jan, 51, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 E Inven for PWarcena R. Iii/1 017 .53 MW.

H1: fiflarn y Patented Nov; 22, 1927.

' UNITED STATES "PATENT OFFICE.

mAnonN n. JULI N, or JAMESTOWN, NEW Yonx, ASSIGNOR TO JULIAN B AND MANUFACTURING CORPORATION, OF'UAMESTOWN, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

LIe m-msPnNsmo PUMP.

Application filed January 81, 1924. Serial No. 689,777.

This invention relates to an improvement in a. liquid dispensing pump, and more par-' ticularly to the control and registering mechprovide in combination with a liquid dispensing apparatus a control mechanism provided with a plurality oflocks so constructed that the liquid cannot be supplied until one of these locks has been actuated by a. key; and in which the amount of liquid dispensed is recorded automatically upon th opening of the dispensingvalves.

A further object of this invention is the provision in a mechanism of this character of elements so arranged that the opening of the valve, by which. the liquid is fed to the dispensing receptacle, automatically sets the recording mechanism, so that as soon as the dispensing valve is opened, the quantity of liquid in the receptacle is automatically recorded.

Other objects reside in the various details of construction: hereinafter setforth' in. the following specification, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which form 'a' part thereof, and in which Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a'liquid dispensingpumpprovided with a mechanism of this character; v

Fig. 2 is an enlarged section of the liquid receiving receptacle,v and the stop control mechanism illustrating the relation ofthese elements to the recording and registering mechanism; v

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the recording and registering mechanism with the parts in the position that theywould occu'py'after the receptacle has been-filled and before-the dispensing operation has taken place;

Fig. 41 is a view similar to Fig. 3 showing the position the" parts occupy when locked.

against operative movement;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the setting and controlling mechanism with the parts unlocked and ready for the registration of one unit; v

a Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 taken I u d receptacle 23, into which the liquid is from the opposite direction; 7

Fig. 7 is a detailed view of theregistering recording mechanism, showing in full lines units;

the actuating position and in dotted lines the 1dle position; s

ll gi 8 is a view of certain elements in detai Fig 9 is a view of the stop and one of the recordmg members 1n the operative position;

the inoperative position;

Fig. 11 1s a view of the registering, .con trolllng mechanismfiche parts being setfor the registration of asingle unit;

Fig.12 is a view similarto-Fig. 11 with the parts set for the registration of five Fig." 13 ments of the controlling mechanism;

14 is a sectional view showing two of the recording members, one in the operative and the other in the unoperative position;

Fig. 15 is a side elevation partly in section of the dispensing valve and certain of the elements associated therewith;

Fig. 16 is a longitudinal section on an enlarged scale of these elements;

Fig. 17 is a detail View of the' portions of the controlling mechanism; 7

Fig. 18 is a view of the trip mechanism;

is a detail view'of one of the ele- Fig. lO i's a similar view of these parts in Fig; 19 is a front'elevation partly in sec.-

tion of the pedestal of a hand operated P mp;

Flg. 20 1s a detail view of the parts in the unlocked position; s

Fig. 21 isa view similar to Fig. 20 of the parts in the locked position; v Fig. 22 is a view of the locking mechanism in the inoperative position; and

Fig. 23 is 'a'view' similar to Fig. 22 of the locking mechanism in the operative position.

Referring to the drawings, the reference numeral 20 is employed todesignate a pump equipped with one embodiment of this invention. This pump includes a hollow pedestal 21, entrance to which is through an opening having a door 22; Within this pedestal are supported the registering and :recording mechanism and the controlling mechanism, as will be pointed out hereinbelow. i

Upon the pedestal21 is mounted the liqmounted a drum 25 carried upon a rod 26 and adapted to be moved into various'positions in the receptacle, thus regulating the free capacity of the receptacle. The receptacle here shownis adapted to contain five gallons, and preferably bears upon its outer face numerals indicating the position the lower face of the drum 25 would occupy depending upon the number of gallons to be fed to the receptacle.

This apparatus is fully described in my copending application, Serial No. 663,145.

dated September 17th, 1923, and for the purpose" of understanding this invention, it is suflicient to'state that the liquld is fed into the receptacle through a pipe 26, and dis-. 'pensed therefrom through the pipe 24, the

operation of which .is controlled by a valve 27. In order to fill the receptacle. 23 with the amount of liquid indicated by the posi-' tion of the lower face of the drum, it is'necessary that the receptacle be filled toover- *flowing,-the overflow passing into the annu lar compartment 28 and returning to the supply tank through the overflow pipe 29.

The position of the. drum 25 in the receptacle23 is determined by the quantity istop' mechanism 30, which is provided with a plurality of notches 31, into which a handle 32 fixed upon the .rod 26 may be inserted. Fixed to and reciprocating with the handle 32'and the rod 26 is and 33. Mounted to.

reciprocate in the pedestal 21 in front of the valve 27 and at the side ofthe rod 26 is a 7 tube 34, which tube, as will be 1 pointed out later, must be raised when they receptacle 23 is bein filled and will belowered when the valve 2 is opened, and the liquid from the receptacle 23 is dispensed.

Within the tube 34 is mounted a rod 35 which is normally raised, and which is lowgered upon the opening of the dispensing valve. Mounted in the pedestal 21 below the quantity-stop mechanism is the controlling,registering and recording unit 36, into which the rod 33, tube 34 and the rod 35-extend for the reasons to be pointed out below.

The controlling, registerin and recording 'unit 36 is enclosed in a casing 37, closedat the front by a 'door 38 having a plurality of openlngs 39, preferably closed with isinglass or other transparent material. Mounted in the casing 37 are a plurality of recording members '40, provided with dials 41 which are located behind each of the openings 39,

so that the amount recorded can be readits outer face a rack .47 with which the gear 43 .of the unlocked recording member engages. The recording. members' are so formed that only the rotation of the gears.

43 by the upward reciprocation of the plate 46 is recorded, the rotation of thegear 43 in the opposite direction'caused by the lowering of-the plate 46,b eing idle. The plate 46 is guided by the brackets 48, 49 suitably mounted on the wall of the casing 37.

Mounted to reciprocate in the casing 37 .on the opposite side from the plate 46 is a plate 50 having vertical slots 51, 52 at its up per and lower ends. Secured to the casing 37 are brackets"53,-54,which carry screws 55, 56. These screws extend through the slots 51', 52 respectively, and thus guide the movement of the plate 50. Rigidly secured to the plate-50 and projecting toward the plate 46 is an arm 57. I

- Pivotally mounted on the bracket 54 is alink 58 having a slot-59 at one end, which surrounds a screw 60 carried by the plate 50.

.Any movement of the latter plate, therefore, will cause the link 58 to oscillate around its pivotal attachment 61. On the opposite end of the link 58 is pivoted a fin-' ger 62. .Mounted in brackets 63, 64 on the bar'46 below the bracket 49 is a pin'65 ,which projects below the bracket 64, and is normally held in that position by a spring 66,

which bears against the under face of the, bracket 63 and against a collar 67 carried upon the pin 65. The bar 46 at the bracket 64 is cut away to provide an incline 68in front of which the lowerend of the pin.65

normallyprojects. The finger 62 is held in contact with the plate 46 by means of a spring 69, as will be clear from a considera tion of the drawings, Figs. 3 and 4.

Pivotally mounted at 70 upon the bracket 54 is a right angle trigger 71, which is nor mally held in the position shown in Fig. 3 by means of a spring 72. In this position, the upper end, which is shaped as shown in Fig. 18, rests in a notch 73 in the adjacent face of the plate 50. As indicated in dotted lines, this notch is usually made longer than absolutely necessary, and. its proper extent is determined by-the plate 1 74, which maybe riveted upon the plate50, and which can easily be replaced in case of wear or to vary the affected length of the slot. Formed on the other arin of the trigger 71 is a flange 75 having a holethrough which the rod 35 passes. On-the rod 35 at either side of the flange 75- are located nuts 76, 77 to insure the simultaneous movement of the trigger 71 and the rod 35.

Referring to Figs. 1, 3 and 4, it will be noted that there is a valve 78 mounted on the underside of the bottom wall of the casin 37. This valve 78 forms a part of the filling mechanism and when opened,

causes a flow of liquid into the receptacle the force of gravity to the full line position of Fig. 3.

' a' reciprocatory bolt 93, which projects from back wall of the casing a yoke 96, the open course, be the ra'isingof the arms 89 and 57 of the y are pi iorces the latter into the position shown in- When unlocked, however, the bolt 93 is withdrawn from that end of the casing 94 ai%l 23 through the pipe 26. Mounted on the 100 formed in the edge of the plate 50. (See bottom wall of the casing 37 above the valve Fig. 4.) So long as the parts are in that 78 is an arm 80, on which is pivoted a lever position it .is of course impossible to raise the SL The outer end 82 of the lever -81 is plate 50, and since, as will be pointed out flattened, and under normal conditions rests l-ater,-this movement of the plate 50 is the against the bottom wall of. the casing. Carnecessaryfirst step in the operation of the ried by one side wall of the casing adjacent mechanism, it is obvious that no operation the upper wall is a switchbox 83 from which can take lace. When, however, one of projects into the casing a button 84. The the locks is unlocked, the pro ecting end box 83 is connected with a motor not shown, of the bolt 93will strike the angle plate 97 which, when set in motion, provides the presand force the yoke into the position shown sure necessary to force the liquid to rise in In Fig. 9 so that the trip 98 Wlll leave the the pipe 26. Pivotally mounted on a bracket S 1 100 and the plate 50 will be free to re- 85 .is a lever 86, the .tip 87 of which rests C PIOCate, as is shown in Fig.3. against the button-84. The amount of reciprocation of the plate Pivotally joined to the le sl d 86 i 46 and rack 47 does, of course, determine the a bar 88, which insures the simultaneous aca 9 m f ti0n 0f the particular gear 42, tuation of both levers. From the bar 88 Whlch I 111 mesh with t e rack, and this j t an 9 hi h, h th h must be regulated according to the quantity nism is raised,,lies directly behind the arm of q h 11 he receptacle 23. Mounted in 57, as shown i Fi 4, Adju t bl unt. the cas ng below the yoke 96 1s a yoke 101, ed on the tube 34 is a block 90, from which Whlch p-P y a bracket firmly f j t a i gl b l /th arms, 57 d 39 secured to the rear wall of the casing and The result ,of raising the tube 34 will, of ry g a rod 103 On which the l wer arm n one edge t th of the plate 104 connecting the armslof the tronsthe position shown in Fig. 4

Fi 3 yoke 101 are formed a series of steps 105, 106,

positioibshown in dotted lines in When this position is reached, the trigger 71 will spring under the lower edge of the plate 74 and hold the plate- 50 in the position of Fig. 3.

When and its connected members will return under The rod 33 previously re erred to, as being connected by the handle 32 of the rod enters the casing 37 and projects through an wall is mounted an angle plate 110, which serves as a guide for a slotted block lll carried by the rod 33. Y

As the rod 33 is raised and lowered, there. fore, the block 111' will reciprocate on the" plate 110. The plate and block are so lolhe ends of the plates 44, beyond the recording units 41, are-ofiset, as shown particularly in Fig. 14, so that they project below the bar to a point'adjacent the si ofthe casing. In this casing are mounte three locks 92, each oi which is provided with d the stepped edge of the plate 104, which conabl'e spring 112 which engages one edge of the yoke 101, and the bracket 102 has a tendency to hold 'the yoke 101 in contact with thehlock 111 at'all times regardless of the posltlon of the block in the casing. 'The ower edge of theblock adjacent the plate 101 is rounded as at 113 and this constructlon, together with the provision of the slopes 109, permits the; easy lowering of the block 111.

one end or the otherofthe lock casing 94. The end 91 of each plate 44 rests. against one end of the bolt of its corresponding lock 92. In the locked position the bolt 93 is projected from the casing 94 towardv the plate 44 and dicated in Fig. 14'by 45, the gear 42 being forced out of engagement with the rack 47.

ger 114, which is shown in elevation in Fig. 13. This trigger 114 comprises a hinge plate 115, one leaf of] whichis rigidly secured to the yoke and anarm 116 which is pivotally mounted upon the other leaf 117 of the hinge the plate 44 takes its normal position wi the gear in contactwith therack 47.

- Pivotally mounted on a bracket 95 on the ends of which are joined by an angle plate 97,

which bears'a ainst the rear ends of the cas- P ings 94 of the ocks 92. Carried on the lower 15 p q h. a selles of P thre arm of the yoke 96 is a trip 98 which probemg p d 3 P n s jects between two of the plates 44. Obvious pp 11 coflsldemtlon 9 ly therefore, when the mechanism isv com- A sprm 119 I qured t0 the arm 116 pletely locked, the yoke-under the impulse and the yo e and pro ectmg from'the side of thespring 99 will take the position shown wall of-the case 37 is a bracket 120 provided in Fig. 10, and the trip 98 will enter a recess with a slot 121 through which the arm 116 h tube 34 is lowered the bar 8 opening adjacent the rear wall. On the side de n cated that one face of the block bears against nects'the arms with the yoke 100. A suit- 107 and 108 connected b {the slopes 109.

Rigidly secured to the yoke 101 is a' triglate 115. The lower face of the arm 116 4 the slot under all conditions. As the yoke 101 is oscillated around the rod 103, the trigger 114 will be projected and retracted be- -yond the bracket 120.

The plate 46 reciprocates directly in front of the bracket 120, and is provided with a recess portion 122 through which the arm 116 of the trigger 114 will project under certain conditions. At the lower edge of the recess 122 is mounted a plate 123, whichis adapted to engage with the stepped face of the arm 116. Rigidly mounted on the bottom wall of the casing 37 is a bracket 124, on the upper edge of which rests the lower end of the plate 46 to limit its further depression.

, Mounted in the bracket 48 behind the plate 46 and in a bracket 125 is a locking strip 126 provided at its lower end with right an-. gle plate 127. In the locking strip 126 is provided an opening 128, through which the trigger 114 projects.- The; face of the opening 128 is so determined that regardless of the position of the locking strip 126, it will not come in contact with the trigger 114.

This is illustrated in Fig. 7 in the full and "dotted line positions. The locking strip'126 is provided with a plurality of.tongues.129,

located directly in front of the locks 925' The front end of each bolt 93 is provided with. a post 130, which is spaced back somewhat from the front edge of the holt to pro.-

vide a recess portion 131, and there is also provided between the post 130 ,andthe main portion of the bolt a space 132. These features are'shown particularly in Fi 5 and 6. When the locking strip 126 Is in the raised position asshown in full lines in Fig. 7, the tongues 129 are sufficiently above the bolts 93, so as not to interfere with their actuation. When, however, the lockin strip 126 is in the dotted line position of ig. 7,

Y the tongues-129 would be behind the posts 130 of the locked bolts and infront of thepost 130 of the unlocked bolt, and; so long as the locking strip occupies this position, it

obviousl lmpossible to make any change" in the con ition of the bolts 93. Thedotted line or locking position is the one which the stri 126 tends to occupy under the influence of t 'e force of gravity. When, however, the

parts are shifted into the integral" position shown in Fig. 4, with the plate depressed,

the finger 62 of the ring 58 will bear against the flanged plate 127 and raise the locking strip 126 into the full line position of Fig.

7 so that thec'ondition of the locks 92 can be changed, asdesired, but as soon as the cycle. of operations is started, the strip 126 will drop and no change in the locks can be made.

The relation of the tube 34 and rod 35 to the valve 27 is shows in Figs. 15 and 16.

The valve 27 is of the type opened by the depression of a pin which projects from the side of t e valve casing. Referring to Figs. 15 and 1 ,it will be noted that the valve pin 140-projects froin the bottom-of the valve casing on which is. pivotally mounted a hanbears a ainst the portion of the handle 141 in the 5 of: 146.

The tube 34 projects into the housing 144 as shown particularly in Fig. 16 and is freely. reciprocable therein. Mounted in the.

mouth of the tube 34 and projecting into the housing 144 is a pin 149 from which projects a rod 150. The lower end of the rod 150 is guided by a sleeve 151 on'the tube 34 and the parts normally occupy the position shown under the influence of a spring 152 which bears against the sleeve 151 and the pin 149. In order to prevent any rotation of the pin 149 relative to the tube 34, a slot 153 is provided in the tube into which projectsga nub 154 carried by the pin 149. The lower end o'f'the rod 150 is enlarged below the sleeve 151 and against it the upper end of the rod 35 is held by the spring 72. The adjacent faces of the pins 147 and 149 vare suitably sloped sothat when they are brought into contact by the oscillation of 'thehandle 141, the pin 147 forces the pin 149 to descend until the nub 154 f strikes the lower end of the slot 153. At the' sam'e time the rod 35 is. depressed against the tension of the spring 72 until the trigger 71 leaves the slot '73 permitting'the plate 50 to fall by the force of gravity. When the valve 27 is closed and the pins 147 and 149 are in the position shown, the tube 34 may be raised by the handle 155." I J The relative movement of the various elementseof this apparatus will be described .brieflyz'The operator when coming on duty first inserts h1s key in the particular key hole and retracts a bolt 93, permitting the plate 44 carrying his individual-dial 41 tos'wing'into operating position flwith its gear 42 into engagement with the rack 47. -At the same tlmethe trip 98 is shifted out of the recess 100 see Fig. 9) releasing the plate 50 to permit t e.rais1ng of the tube34 and.

filling of the receptacle 23. The drum 25 is placed in the desired osition so that the pre-' determined amounto liquid may be fed into the receptacle 23. p This movement of the" drum 25 raises or lowers the rod 33 and through the engagement of the block 111 with the yoke 101 advances or retracts the trigger 114, thus determining the length of the position shown in Fig.4 into the position of the plate 50 indicated in Fig. 3 by full lines and the position of the bar 88 ndicated in Fig. 3 by dotted lines.- When this position is reached, the trigger 71 enters the notch 73 and holds the plate 50 in theupper position. The elevation of the bar 88 causes the lever 86 to depress the button 84, setting the air pressure motor in operation, and simultaneously causes the lever.81-. to open the valve 78.1 The motor and the valve permitthe filling of the receptacle 23 which continues until the tube 34 is released and the bar 88 falls under the force of gravity, the -plate 50, however, remaining in its upper position. WVhen the plate 50 israised the link 58 turns on its pivot 61 and the finger 62 is withdrawn from the plate 127 permitting the strip 126 to descend and lock the bolts 93 in position the finger 62 being swung under the pin 65. g

The handle 141 is now actuated to open the valve 27 and the rod 35 is depressed by the connections described above. The depression of the rod 35 swings the trigger 71 on its pivot until it leaves the notch 73 and the plate 50 drops. The dropping of the plate 50 turns the link 58 on' its pivot L 61 and the finger 62 raises the plate 46 and rack 47 to the limit permitted by the trigger 114. When the limit is reached the finger 62 guided by the incline 68 leaves the late 46 and strikes the plate 127 raising the ock-' ing strip 126 into the posltion sliown in full lines in Fig. 7, and releasing the bolts 93, so

that they can be reset if desired. The cycleof operations is now completed and the apparatus is ready for resetting and reactuat- %onditions sometimes arise under which a hand operated pump is desired instead of a power operated pump. There the pump shown in Fig. 19 may be used. The controlling and registering and' recording mechanism indicated generally in Fig. 19 by the numeral 161 are the same as. those in the power operated type and will not be dc.- scribed in detail. Thevalve 27aotuated by the handle 141 functions in the manner previously described but the mechanism for feeding the liquid differs in many respects as will be pointed out below.

\ ,The feed pipe 26' leads from a pump 162 which may be of any well known ty e op erated by the actuation of a shaft 163 by a handle 164 on a counter. shaft 165, the shaft being connected by the intermeshing gears 166, 167. In order to prevent the operation of the pump 162 when the valve 27 is open a locking mechanism is employed, by which the gear 166 is positively held against rotation. Depending from a cross plate are brackets 168 in which a cross shaft 169 is freely rotatable. Projecting from one end of the shaft 169 is an arm 170 and from the other end is an arm 171. Carried by the tube 34 below across plate is a forked strap 172. between the forks of which extends the arm 170, whereby any reciprocatory movement of the tube 34 is transmitted to and causes the rotation of the shaft 169. Projecting from the inner face of the gear 166 isv a pin 173 withrelation to which the arm 171 is so located that when the tube 34 is in the lowest position (see Fig. 21), the arm is swung into the path of the pin 173 and preve'nts the rotation of the gear 166, (see Figs.

21 and 23), while when the tube 34 is raised, which is only possible when the valve 27 is closed, the arm 171 is swung out of the path of the pin 173 and'the pump 1 62-may be operated (see Figs. 20 and 22).

While certain embodiments only have been shown and described, I am not to be limited thereto, since it is obvious that others may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.

Having thus set forth my invention what I claim as new, .and for which I desire protection by Letters Patent is:

. 1. In a liquid dispensing pump having a measuring and dispensing receptacle means for predeterminin the amount 0 liquid said receptacle wil contain, means for filling said receptacle, .means for dispensing liquid from said receptacle, mechanism for recording said predetermined amount of liquid and'connections between said mechanism and said fillin and dispensuid and connections between said mechanism and said dispensing means 'whereby said mechanism is actuated upon the operation of said dispensing means.

' 3. In a liquid dispensing pump having a measuring anddispensing receptacle, means for predetermining the amount of li uid said receptacle will contain, means for fil in said receptacle, means for dispensing liqui from said receptacle, mechanism for recording said, predetermined amount ofliquid and connections between said mechanism and said dispensing means whereby said mechanism is set upon the operation of said filling means.

4:. In a liquid dispensing pump having a measuring and dispensing receptacle, means for filling said receptacle, means-for dispensing liquid from said receptacle, means for predetermining the amount of liquid said receptacle will contain, mechanism for recording said predetermined amount, a reciprocatory plate for actuating said mechanism and a trigger set by said predetermined means for fixing the length of reciprocation of said plate.

5. In a liquid dispensing pump having a liquid receptacle, means for determining the capacity of said receptacle, means for filling said receptacle and means for dispensing liquid from said receptacle, mechanism for recording the liquid capacityof said receptacle, movable means for actuating said mechanism, means controlled loy sald capacity determining means for limiting the movement of said mechanism actuating means, means controlled lay said dispensing means for operating said mechanism actuating means and means controlled by said filling means for setting said operating means in position.

6. In a liquid dispensing pump having a liquid receptacle, means for determining the capacity of said receptacle, means for filling said receptacle and means for dispensing liquid from said receptacle, mechanism for recording the liquid capacity of said receptacle, a reciprocatory plate for actuating said recording mechanism, means controlled by said capacity determining means for limiting the reciprocation of said plate, a second plate controlled by said dispensing means for operating said first plate, and means controlled by said filling means for setting said second plate in operating position.

In testimony whereof I have allixed my signature.

MARGENA a. JULIAN. 

